Pattern forming reed for looms



May 23, 1933. R. A. BONNIN PATTERN FORMING REED FOR LOOMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV. 14, 1931 May 23, 1933. R. A. BONNIN PATTERN FORMING REED FOR LOOMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gwuznto o Filed Nov. 14, 1931 7Z- fiBonnin atented "May 23, 1933 UNITED S T PATENT 1 OFFICE RAYMOND at 301mm, or enanro'rrnsvrrinn, VIRGINIA ra'rrnnn Font/[me REED roaLooMs Application filed November 14,1931. Serial No. 575,082.

stantly Varied so that difierent portions of the filling may be curved or distorted'either alternately, insuccession, or reversely.

A still'further object is to provide a mechanism for accomplishing this end which comprises a reed and automatically actuated means for forcing certain dents of the reed forward beyond certain other dents to thus cause apattern to be formed by the weft threads and particularly to provide automatically actuated means for varying the dents so acted upon to thus secure a large variety of different patterns. a

Another object is to secure this result by the provision of two coacting pattern forming strips having complementary confront ing faces between which the dents are 1110- mentarily clamped at the moment when the filling is being beaten up and to provide means for automatically shifting the pattern strips after each beat of the lay to thus cause the pattern to be formed.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown onlyso much of a loom as is pertimm to my invention.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description. My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein t Figure 1 is a front elevation of a portion I of a loom showing, the lay beam andswords and my mechanism applied thereto;

a Figure '2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; v t

plan view of the pattern strips and reed showing the pattern strips in closedposition and the reed deformed;

'Figure 6 isa detailed section on the line 66 of Figure 2;

Figure T is a section on the line 77 of Figure l; i

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic plan view of one of the patterns capable of being made by my mechanism.

v Referring to these drawings, 10 designates the lay beam and 11 the lay swords, 12

designating the usual rock shaft upon which the lay swords are mounted. The usualcr oss beam which is fastened to the loom sides at each end is designated 13. So far I have described the construction which is common to all looms.' V L The reed designated generally 14 is a regular pitch band reedbut withthe dents 15 secured atthe top only leaving the lower ends of the dents loose or freeto move forward orrearward. Such mounting ofthe dents of the reed permits the dents to be deflected forward or rearward but urges them back to a 'normal position Where the dents are all in line with each other. These lower ends of the dents are held in proper laterally spaced position by another reed designated 16 with shorter wires com monly known as a warp twister comb. The reed 14 is disposed upright on the lay beam whilethereed 16 lies flat on the lay beam, thelay beam being recessed at 17 for-this purpose. The dents in the reed 16 are disposed at right angles to the dents in the reed 15 and the wires of one reed are placed in the spaces of the dents of the other reed. Thus it will be seen that the dents 15 are held in proper spaced relation by the dents of the reed 16 and that still the dents 15 may; be moved forward or back independently ofthe other. i

The dents 15ers caused to take a sinuous relation longitudinally of the beam andthus form the pattern heretofore referred toby means of the two pattern strips 18 and 19. These are preferably metal strips with their confronting edges sinuously curved complementarily to each other so that the protuberantportion "of the confronting edge of one strip will fit into and complement the reentrant portion of the opposed strip. These strips are slidingly mounted upon the upper face of the lay beam in the recessed portion 20 of the beam, the strips being engaged with each other for common movement by means of studs 21 which are attached to the strip 19 and extend into sockets formed in the strip 18. The strips can move toward or from each other on these pins 21. These pattern strips 18 and 19 lie fiat on the face of the lay beam directly over the reed 16, the strip 18 being in back of the reed 15 and the strip 19 being in front of the reed. Thus the dents of the reed 15 are disposed in the sinous space between the two pattern strips.

In order to produce irregular laying of the filling threads, these pattern strips are pressed together at the time that the reed beats up, forcing the dents in the reed 15 against the resistance ofi'ered by the mounting of the dents at their upper ends, into a sinuous line of the same character as the sinuous faces of the two pattern strips. Immediately after the two pattern strips .have been forced together and the dents forced into this curved line, the lay beam is moved forward in the regular manner and the fill ing thread is beaten up in the same form as given the dents of the reed by the sinuous edges for the pattern strips.

In order to cause these strips 18 and 19 to be pressed together, arms22 are provided located in rear of the lay swords 11. These arms are pivoted upon bracket studs 23 carried by the lay swords. These arms at their upper ends either extend into yokes carried by the pattern strip 18 or, as illustrated, the upper ends of the arms engage longitudinally extending rods 24 carried by the pattern strip 18, the upper ends of the arms being apertured as at 25 to receive the rods 24. The term rods is used for these elements 24 for the reason that these elements 24 might be extended longitudinally to any desired length or these elements24 may be relatively short. Any desired means may be used for pivotally connecting the upper ends of these arms 22 to the pattern strip 18, which means will permit the pattern strip 18 to be shifted transversely of the arms or longitudinally, of the lay beam. The lower end of each arm 22 is longitudinally slotted at 26 and mounted upon the cross beam 13 is the pivot pin 27 extending through this slot.

It will be obvious now that just before the lay beam 10 reaches the beating up position, the levers 22 will act to close the movable pattern member 18 against the relatively fixed pattern member 19, to thus cause the shifting of the dents of reed 15 and that as the lay beam moves backward 5 to the position where the shuttle is thrown across the beam, the pattern member 18 will move away from the pattern member 19 as shown in dotted lines in Figure 2.

This movement is secured, of course, by forming fixed, pivots for the lower ends of the arms or levers 22 and providing fulcrums for these levers mounted upon the lay swords as at 23. I

If the pattern strips are not longitudinally shifted relative to the dents, a pattern will be formed in the cloth. a In other words, the weft threads would be all disposed in a sinuous path, the crests and valleys, however, being disposed always in the same longitudinal line. 1 The pattern thus formed would be monotonous and, of course,there could be no means of changing this pattern.

One of the objects of my invention, as previously. stated, isto. provide means whereby various patterns may be made and to this end, it is necessary tov automatically shift the attern strips either little by little toward the right or toward the left or to shift them alternately to the right acertain distance and then to .the left a certain distance, etc. To accomplish this, I have provided a controlling lever designated 28 which is connected to the strip 18 by means of a stud 29 projectingfrom the strip, this lever being fulcrumed intermediate its ends as, for instance, upon a sleeve 30. This sleeve 30 may be mounted upon the stud 23 or may be mounted upon the frame of the machine or in any other suitable position. This lever 28 moves parallel to the length of the lay beam and at its lower end is forked at 32 to embrace the cam 31. The cam 31 is illustrated as mounted. upon a shaft 33 carrying the beveled gear wheel 34 and engaging the beveled gear wheel 35 mounted upon a shaft 36. This carries upon it the ratchet wheel or pick wheel 37 having ratchet teeth upon the circumference.

This ratchet wheel 37 is driven by a pawl 38 supported on a stud 39 carriedby one of the lay swords 11. Upon a movement of the lay sword toward the beam 13, the pawl 38 will. engage with theratchet wheel and turn it one tooth. This will rotate the cam 31 which will act to shift the pattern strips 9 a greater or less extent in one direction. If the cam is so formed as to shift the lower end of the lever 28 gradually outward more and more, and then gradually inward, the pattern strips will be shifted gradually toward one end of the lay and then back again toward the other end of the lay. If the cam is so formed as to shift the lower end of the lever quickly outward at one beat or for a series of beats and hold it outward. forthis series of beats and then move the lever gradually inward, the pattern formed by the un dulating lines of the filling will be a herring bone'patte'rn. If on the other hand the cam be so formed as to cause the pattern strips tobeshifted for instance toward the right, and remain in this position for apredetermined number of picks and then be shifted quickly to the leftand remain in this position for a predetermined number of picks and then again to the Iigh1'i 3lI1d"SO on,a diaper pattern will be formed; Itwill thus be seen that by changing theshape of the cam a large number of different patterns may be formed by deforming or beating up the filling to certain patterns. WhileI have illustrated the particular means whereby the cam may be mounted and driven I do: not wish to be limited to this any more than to the shape of the cam. Neither do I wish to be limited to the shape of thepattern strips asuillustrated as these pattern strips might be variedso that there would beportions of the .pattern strips that would be perfectly straight and other portions. which would be curvilinear. I a I i It will be understood that there are three factors which ma be varied in forming patterns by means 0 the filling or weftthreads, namely the character of the complementary edges of the pattern strips, the manner in which these strips are shifted relative to the reed, and the speed action of the cam.

By thus varying the: speed of the cam, the form of the cam surfaces and theform of the confronting faces of the pattern strips, a very large number of patterns may be readily formed. a

Iclaime- I it v 1. Ina loom having a lay beam, a reed mounted thereon having dents, the dents at one end being free for movement parallel tothe movement of the lay beam, thewother ends of the dents being supported against movement whereby all iof said dents are urged into a common plane, a pattern strip carried by the lay beam and adapted" to be forced against the free ends of the dents to thus cause thefree ends of certain of the a dents to bemoved ahead of the free ends of certain other dents, means for projecting the pattern strip against the dents as the lay heats up and for retracting said pattern strip as the lay moves away from its beating up position 1 i a 2. In a loom having a lay beam, a reed mounted thereon having dents, the dents at" one endbeing free for movement parallel to the movement of the lay beam, the other ends of the dents being yieldingly supported against movement, whereby the dents are urged into a common plane, a pattern strip carried by the lay beam and adapted to be a forced against the free ends of thedents to thus cause the freeends of certain of the dents to be moved 'aheadaof the free ends of certain other dents, means for projecting the pattern strip a ainst the dents as the lay beats up and for retracting said pattern strip as the lay movesaway from its beating up position, and means whereby the pattern strip may be shifted longitudinally of the lay to change its position relative to the dents. r a i a 3. Ina loom havinga lay beam, a reed mountedthereon having dents, the dents at one end being free for movement parallel to the movement of the lay beam, the dents being supported at one end against movement wh'ereby the dents are yieldingly held in a common plane, a pattern strip carried by thelay beamand adapted to be forced against the free ends of the dents to thus cause thefree' ends of certain of the dents to} bemoved ahead of the free ends of certain other dents, means for projecting the pattern strip against the dents as the lay beats up and for retracting said pattern stripiasthe lay moves away from its beating up position, and means for automatically shifting the pattern strip at predetermined intervals longitudinally of the lay to thereby change its position relative to the dents.

4. In a loom, a lay beam, a reed mounted upon the lay beam and having dents, the dents being supported at one end but free to move parallel to the movement of the lay at their other ends, and means for moving certain of the dents forward of certain other dents including two pattern strips mounted uponathe lay beam, one on each side of the dents, one of said pattern strips being movable toward or from the other pattern strip and said pattern strips having confronting complementary approximately sinuous faces, andautomatic means for forcing the movable pattern strip toward the other pattern strip to thereby project certain of the dents upon amovement of the lay beam toward its beating up position, and retracting said movable pattern strip when the lay beam is moving in the reverse direction.

5. In a loom, a lay beam, a reed mounted upon the lay beam and having dents, the dents being supported at one end but free to move parallel to the movement of the lay at their other ends, and means for movioo ingcertain of the dents forward of certain other dents including two pattern strips mounted upon the lay beam, one on each side of thedents, one of said pattern strips being movable toward or from the other pattern strip and said pattern strips having confronting complementary, approximately sinuous faces, automatic means for forcing the movable pattern strip toward the other pattern strip to thereby project certain of the dents upon a movement of the lay beam toward its beating up position, and retracting said movable pattern strip when the lay beam is moving in the reverse direction, and

' 6. In a loom,,a lay beam, lay swords, a

J tar an aroximatel sinuous reed mounted upon the lay beam and having dents firmly supported at their upper ends and free to move in the direction of movement of the lay beam at their lower ends, means for spacing said-dents apart at their lower ends, means for projecting the'lower ends of certain of the dents in advance of the lower ends of adjacent dents including opposed patternstrips having complementary, approximately sinuous con fronting faces, both of said pattern strips being mounted on the beam for-common movement longitudinally of the beam but one of said pattern strips being held from forward movement relative to the beam, the

other of said pat-tern strips being movable toward and away from the first named pat tern strip, means for automatically shifting the movable pattern strip toward the first named pattern strip to' thus project certain of the dents beyond other dents, and means for automatically shifting both of said pattern strips to a predetermined degree periodically. a

7. In a loom, a lay beam, lay swords, a reed mounted upon the lay beam and'having dents firmly supported at their upper ends and free to move in the direction of movement of the lay beam at their lower ends, means for spacing said dents apart at their lower ends, means for projecting the lower endsof certain of the dents inadvance of the lower ends of adjacent dents including opposed pattern strips havingcomplemenconfronting faces, both of said pattern strips being mounted on the beam for common movement longitudinally of the beam, but one of said pattern strips being heldfrom forward movement relative to the beam, the other of said pattern strips being movable toward and away from the first named pattern strip, levers pivotally mounted at their lower ends on fulcrums spaced from the fulcrums of the lay swords, and pivotally mounted intermediate their ends upon the lay swords and operatively connected at their upper ends to the longitudinally movable pattern strip whereby to cause the pattern strips to clamp the dents between them as the lay beam ment of the lay beam at their lower ends,

means for spacing said dents apart at their lower ends, means for pro ecting the lower ends'of certain of the dents in advance of the lower ends of adjacent dents including opposed pattern strips having complementary approximately sinuous confronting faces, 'both' of said pattern strips being mounted on the beam for common movement longitudinally of the beam, but one of said pattern strips being held from forward movement relative to the beam, the other'of said pattern strips being movable toward and away from the first named pattern strip,leverspivotally mounted at their lower' ends on-rfulcrums spaced from the fulcrums of the lay swords, and pivotally mounted intermediate their ends upon the lay swords and operatively connected at their upper ends to the longitudinally movable pattern strip whereby to cause the pattern stripsto clamp the dents between them asthe lay beam moves toward its beating up position and release said dents as the lay beam moves away from its beating up position, means for shifting both of said pattern-strips longitudinally with relation to the'dents including a cam operatively engaging thepatternstrips, and means for rotating the cam step by step.

9. In a loom, a lay beam, lay swords, a reed mounted upon the lay beam and having dents firmly supported at their upper ends and free to move in the direction of movement of the lay beam at their lower ends, means for spacing said dents apart at their lower ends, means for'projecting the lower ends of certain of the dents in advance of the lower ends of adjacent dents including opposed pattern strips having complementary approximately sinuous confronting faces, both of said pattern strips being mounted on the beam for common movement longitudinally of the beam, but one of said pattern strips being held from forward movement relative to the beam, the other of said pattern strips being movable toward and away from the first named attern strip, levers pivotally mounted at t eir lower ends on fulcrums spaced from the fulcrums of the lay swords, and pivotally mounted intermediate their ends upon the lay swords and operatively connected at their upper ends to the longitudinally movable pattern strip whereby to cause the pattern strips to clamp the dents between them as the'lay'beam moves toward its beating up position and release said dents as the lay beam -moves aw ay from its beating up position, means for shifting both of said pattern strips. longitudinally with relation to the dents including a cam operatively engaging the pattern strips, and means for moving the cam periodically comprising a ratchet wheel operatively connected to the cam to drive it and a pawl carried by one of the lay swords and engaging said ratchet wheel to turn itone step upon a predetermined movement of they lay swords.

10. In a loom, a lay beam having its upper face recessed, a reed mounted upon the upper face of the beam, the upper ends of the dents of said reed being held from movement, the

lower ends extending into said recess and n being free to move in the direction of movement of the beam, a comb disposed 1n said we recess and having its dents extending approximately parallel to the face ofthe beam and disposed between the dents of the reed, a pair of coacting pattern strips carried by the beam and disposed one on each side of the reed, said pattern strips being relatively movable toward or from each other and the confronting faces of the pattern strips be-. ing approximately sinuous, means for periodically forcing the pattern strips against the reed to thus project selected portions of tern strips are open'to thus vary the parthe reed forward of other portions, and means for periodically shifting both pattern strips laterally upon the beam while the patticular dents to be projected. i

11. A pattern forming mechanism for looms including a reed mounted upon the lay beam of the loom, the dents of said reed being yieldingly supported at one end but movable at the other, the dents being thus urged to normally lie in a common plane, means engaging the free ends of the dents for shifting certain of thedents to a posi tion in advance of certain other dents, and means for automatically varying the dents which are so shifted.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

RAYMOND A. BONNIN. 

